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Key takeaways:
With the envelope system, you allocate your take-home pay toward specific categories by placing cash in labeled envelopes.
On TikTok, it's known as "cash stuffing."
You can apply a digital approach to the envelope system with the help of apps and spreadsheets.
This system allows you to closely track all of your money; a downside is that it takes a significant amount of effort.
What is ‘cash stuffing’?
The envelope system — also known on TikTok as "cash stuffing" — is a budgeting method that allows you to physically portion out your monthly income into different spending categories.
This money management system has been around for years, but cash stuffing or the envelope budgeting method has taken on new life from high-profile exposure on TikTok.
The concept is simple: Take a few envelopes, write a specific expense category on each one — like groceries, rent or student loans — and then put the money you plan to spend on those things into the envelopes.
Traditionally, people have used the envelope system on a monthly basis, using actual cash and envelopes. More recently, people have adopted digital methods, including spreadsheets and apps like Goodbudget and Mvelopes.
Before you build a budget
NerdWallet breaks down your spending and shows you ways to save.
Cash stuffing doesn’t have to be complicated, but it does require some organization and planning on your part. The three steps below outline how you can begin your budgeting journey, if this is the right method for you.
1. Start with a budget
A solid budget can make the cash stuffing method smoother by ensuring you have enough money to cover your expenses. Consider using the 50/30/20 budget, where you put 50% of your after-tax income toward needs like rent and groceries, roughly 30% toward wants like travel and eating out, and at least 20% toward savings and debt repayment.
Say you take home $3,500 a month. This is what your budget might look like:
$1,750 in your needs envelopes.
$1,050 in your wants envelopes.
$700 in your envelopes for savings and debt repayment.
Keep in mind that this is just one budgeting strategy and you can divvy up your money as you see fit.
2. Create your envelope categories
Think about the types of expenses you have and sort them into categories. You get to decide how broad or specific to be here. You can have a general “going out” envelope, for example, or you can have a “movies” envelope, a “restaurants” envelope and a “drinks” envelope.
Next, label an envelope for each category and fill it with the amount of cash you’ve allotted for that expense. That's the "cash stuffing" part of the process.
When you pay for something, use money only from the corresponding envelope. For example, if you set aside $50 in an envelope marked “coffee,” and you buy a $5 latte at Starbucks, you’ll take the money from the envelope. That leaves you with $45 left to spend on coffee for the month.
You can refill your envelopes once a month or after you get your paycheck.
The pros
The cash stuffing envelope system also helps avoid the overdraft fees and debt that can come with frequent debit and credit card swiping. Physically dividing up your money also makes you aware of exactly how much you have available to spend on a given item, which helps curb overspending on impulse purchases.
“What either makes or breaks a budget is the variable expenses. It’s the going out with friends here and there. ... It’s all these little things that add up,” says Carlos Moreno, a financial specialist and coordinator of the Mobility Mentoring Center at Economic Mobility Pathways, a Boston nonprofit that serves low-income families. “That’s where the envelope system is so effective. It shows you right then and there how much money is going into specific categories.”
Cash-only users are more likely to feel an emotional connection to their money, too. Because cash is visible, touchable and instantly parts with you, it’s easier to be aware of how much you’re spending — and you’re likely to spend less than you would with a credit card, according to several studies.
Track your spending with the NerdWallet app
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The cons
Making regular trips to the bank or ATM to withdraw money can be time-consuming and leave you vulnerable. Carrying large sums of cash puts you at risk of loss or theft. You’ll also miss out on the protection and rewards that credit cards can offer.
Protect your savings allotment by putting it into a savings account, preferably one that pays a good interest rate, rather than keeping it in an envelope where it could be easily lost or stolen.
» MORE: How to choose the right budget system
Who benefits from the cash stuffing envelope system
The envelope system can help new budgeters and impulsive spenders. It lets you set goals and gauge how much you spend and save. We recommend this method to people who want to take charge of their finances in a hands-on way.
Want a free budget worksheet?
Use the Nerds’ 50/30/20 budget worksheet to see how your budget stacks up, and spot opportunities to save money.
Consider using the 50/30/20 budget, where you put 50% of your after-tax income toward needs like rent and groceries, roughly 30% toward wants like travel and eating out, and at least 20% toward savings and debt repayment.
The idea is to split up your money according to how much you want to spend in each category—and then only let yourself spend until the cash in each envelope is gone. Envelope budgeting works best for variable expenses, like groceries and dining out, which change slightly every month depending on your spending habits.
The 70-20-10 budget formula divides your after-tax income into three buckets: 70% for living expenses, 20% for savings and debt, and 10% for additional savings and donations. By allocating your available income into these three distinct categories, you can better manage your money on a daily basis.
It works like this: Gather 100 envelopes and number them from 1 to 100. Each day, fill up one envelope with the amount of cash corresponding to the number on the envelope. You can fill up the envelopes in order or pick them at random. After you've filled up all the envelopes, you'll have a total savings of $5,050.
If you decide to use cash and envelopes instead of digital tools, you'll need to cash your paychecks and divide up the money every pay period. This can get tedious. Cash is vulnerable to theft and loss. Homeowners or renters insurance may cover you if your cash is stolen from home, but only up to your policy limits.
Those will become part of your budget. The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings. The savings category also includes money you will need to realize your future goals. Let's take a closer look at each category.
The 100-envelope challenge is pretty straightforward: You take 100 envelopes, number each of them and then save the corresponding dollar amount in each envelope. For instance, you put $1 in “Envelope 1,” $2 in “Envelope 2,” and so on. By the end of 100 days, you'll have saved $5,050.
Oh My Dollar! From the radio vaults, we bring you a short episode about the #1 most important thing in your budget: your values. You can't avoid looking at your budget without considering your values – no one else's budget will work for you.
This budget follows the same style as the 50/30/20, but the percentages are adjusted to better fit the average American's financial situation. “70/20/10 suggests a framework of 70% of your income on essentials and discretionary spending, 20% on savings and 10% on paying off your debt.
60/40. Allocate 60% of your income for fixed expenses like your rent or mortgage and 40% for variable expenses like groceries, entertainment and travel. 30/30/40.
It's a simple, low-tech way to gamify your savings. You label 100 envelopes 1 to 100, and over 100 days (or more), whatever number is on the envelope you select, you stash that amount of cash in there. The math works out to $5,050 when you're done! (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 . . . you can double-check us if you want.
Each day for 100 days, you'll set aside a predetermined dollar amount in different envelopes. After just over 3 months, you could have more than $5,000 saved.
What Is Cash Stuffing? Cash stuffing involves taking your spending money, converting it to cash and stuffing it into envelopes marked with spending categories like rent, bills, groceries and gas. You determine how much money you want to spend in each category on a weekly or monthly basis.
When you're out of cash in the envelope, that's it. You can't overspend. Plus, you avoid the overdraft and fee penalties associated with careless card swiping. Cons: Carrying cash is not a practical system for some consumers.
When you're out of cash in the envelope, that's it. You can't overspend. Plus, you avoid the overdraft and fee penalties associated with careless card swiping. Cons: Carrying cash is not a practical system for some consumers.
A budgeting method where money for monthly spending is taken out in cash and placed in labeled envelopes according to budget categories. Spending occurs only from the corresponding envelopes. A portion of the total cost of an item, such as a car or house, that must be paid at the time of purchase.
Envelope budgeting means taking all of your expenses and assigning them to envelopes, then allocating cash to each envelope based on how much you plan to spend. The envelope method is similar to zero-sum budgeting in that you're assigning dollars to every expense category.
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